Solid liquid and gas

 

Solid-liquid and gas





Freezing






On cooling, the molecules in the liquid slow down for forming regular bonds between them. Thus, lovely crystals form, when water freezes to snowflakes.

What is Matter?

MATTER IS EVERYTHING AROUND US. Any substance in the universe that takes up space is known as matter. The matter is found in three different forms or states in solid form, like a brick, in liquid forms, like water, and in the form of gas, like air. At the right temperature and pressure, any substance can change its form and reverse again. For example, the liquid, water, turns into ice and ice turns into water.

Solid

A strong substance that has a definite shape is solid. Every substance is made from very tiny bits called molecules. Molecules are so small that they cannot be seen. In a solid substance, the molecules are bonded together firmly in a regular structure. All molecules keep moving all the time, but molecules simply vibrate on the spot in a solid. AS it gets hotter, the molecules vibrate more and more.

Liquid

Any substance that flows like water and takes the shape of the container it is poured into is a liquid. This happens because, in a liquid, the bonds that hold the molecules together are so loose that molecules roll over each other like dry sand.

Gas

When any substance is in an air-like state the molecules in it move so fast that the bonds that hold them together are broken and the substance has no strength, shape, or volume. Then the substance is a gas.


Ancient home






The state of any substance, liquid, solid or gas, depends on the bonds between the molecules the substance is made of. With a rise in temperature, the bonds get looser, as the molecules move more.


Melting and boiling

Melting is when a solid turns to liquid as heat causes the molecules in the matter to vibrate so much that the bonds that hold them together get loosened. If it becomes even hotter, the molecules move all over the place so fast they break away from the surface of the liquid to become gas.

Three forms of water






Ice, water and water vapor are the three states, in which water exists naturally on Earth. Water vapour or steam is lots of very tiny drops of water:



Question

1. At what temperature does water boil?

(a) 50'C

(b) 100'C

(c) 1000'C

2. What is the freezing point of helium, the lowest freezing point of any substance?

 (a) -272.2"C

(b) 12.5°C

(c) -1.1'C

3. What is the melting point of tungsten, the highest melting point of any metal?

 (a) 320°C

(b) 420'C

(c) 7,890'CC

4. Which is the substance with the highest melting point?

5. What is the meaning of condensation?

6. What is meant by melting point?

7. Which is the metal that is liquid at room temperature?

8. In which states of matter do clouds contain water?

Answers

I. (b)

 2. (a)

3. (b)

4. Carbon

5. The change from gas to liquid

 6. The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

7. Mercury

8. All three



 

 

#Solid liquid and gas   #Freezing        #What is Matter?               #Solid                      #Liquid         #Gas            #Ancient home             #Melting and boiling              #Three forms of water               #Question              #Answers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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