Earth Shudders

 

Earth Shudders




What is an earthquake?




An earthquake is the shaking of the ground. Some earthquakes are so mild that they go unnoticed but some are so violent they can shake down mountains and destroy cities. Many things can set off small earthquake from the rumbling of heavy traffic to the eruption of a volcano. But the biggest earthquakes are set off by the trembling of the tectonic plates that make up the Earth's surface as they grind slowly together underground.

What causes earthquakes?




The tectonic plates are sliding past each other all the time but sometimes they jam. Then the rock bands and stretches for a while until the strain gets so much that it snaps and the plates lurch on again. The snapping or the rock and sudden jolting of the plates sends shock waves out in all directions. When these waves reach the surface, they create earthquakes.

 

What is focus and epicenter?




The starting point of an earthquake inside the Earth is called the hypocenter or focus. The epicenter is the point on the surface above the hypocenter. Earthquakes are strongest at the epicenter, and gradually weaken further away.

 

P and S waves




Earthquake body waves can travel right through the world. P waves, can reach the other side in barely an hour and register on seismometers far from the earthquake. S waves take only a little longer. Comparing readouts from two or three stations pinpoints the earthquake's epicenter. The way the different kinds of waves are refracted or bent through the Earth reveals a great deal about its interior.

Earthquake zones




 

What are earthquake zones?




Earthquake zones are areas prone to earthquakes. Most of these lie on or near "the edges of the Tectonic plates. Major cities like Los Angeles, Tokyo and Mexico City lie in earthquake zones.

What are seismic waves?




Earthquake waves also called or seismic waves are the vibrations from the earthquakes. There are two kinds of waves: body waves and surface waves. Body Waves Travel underground t huge speeds. They can vibrate all around the world. Surface they are much slower, but they are the ones which cause the real damage. Surface waves called Q waves shake the ground from side to Side, bringing down tall buildings. Surface waves Called Rayleigh Waves shake the ground up and down, and seem to roll through sandy or muddy ground like waves in d sea.

What is the duration of an earthquake?




Most earthquakes end quickly, lasting less than a minute. The longest, which hit Alaska in March 1964, lasted for just four minute.

What is used to rate an earthquake magnitude?

The Richter scale rates an earthquake's magnitude. It shows how strong the Waves are on a seismometer. Each point indicates a tenfold increase in size. A really big earthquake is at least 6 on the Richter scale.

What is a seismometer?




The earthquakes are measured with a device called a seismometer, It responds to Vibrations and records them on a computer display.

 


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'Best of luck'


 

 

 

 

 

#Earth Shudders              #What is an earthquake?                #What causes earthquakes?                 #What is focus and epicenter?                    #P and S waves                  #Earthquake zones                #What are earthquake zones?               #What are seismic waves?               #What is the duration of an earthquake?                #What is used to rate an earthquake magnitude?                       #What is a seismometer?                #'Best of luck'

   


 


 

 

 

 

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