Respiration

 

Respiration


Why do we breathe?


The cells in your body need a continuous supply of oxygen to burn up the food in the blood. They get their oxygen from the air you breathe in. Without oxygen, your body cells dieand the brain cells die the quickest of all. If you stopped breathing for very long, you would soon lose consciousness. Your brain would be damaged and ultimately you would die.

What do you breathe out?

You breathe out fhe air you breathe in, minus a little less Oxygen. But if also contains a little waste carbon dioxide brought to the lungs from your body cells in the blood.

How does oxygen get to each cell of the body?

Made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels, the circulatory system is your body's delivery system. With each heartbeat, blood is sent throughout our bodies, Carrying Oxygen and nutrients to all of our cells.

A Blood vessels



Arteries rich in oxygen carry bright red blood. Veins which return carbon dioxide to the lungs are bluer.

How does your body get oxygen?

Every fime you breathe in air through your nose or mouth, the air rushes down your wind pipe info your lungs. The lungs are spongy bags inside your chest. They are filled with millions of minute branching airways. At the end of each airway is an air Sac or alveolus with walls so thin that oxygen can seep through into the tiny blood vessels wrapped around it.

Why has the heart got two sides?

Your heart has two sides because your body has two blood circulations pulmonary circulation and Systemic crculation In pulmonary circulation, the left side of the heart pumps blood through the lungs fo pick up Oxygen, and takes it to the right side of the heart. In systemic circulation, the right side pumps oxygen-rich blood oround the bodyand takes it bock to the left of the heart

How does your heart pump?

Your heart has walls of muscle which contract automatically once a second or more. As they contract, they squeeze blood into the blood vesselsThe entrances of each of the heart's two pumping chambers or ventricles have little flaps, or valves, to ensure blood can only enter and leave one way.

Why is blood red?

Blood contains cells called red blood cells. These cells Cary oxygen. They contain a remarkable substance Called haemoglobin. This haemoglobin glows bright red when it is carying Oxygen but fades to dull purple when it loses oxygen

Heart


This figure shows the heart sliced in half to reveal its two halves. Each half has two chambersan atrium where blood builds up and a ventricle or pumping chamber.

 

 

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